Early Warning Signs of Ovarian Cancer

What are the early warning signs of ovarian cancer? This is a very difficult question to answer, because while there are symptoms in the beginning stages of the disease, they tend to be so mild that both the woman herself and her doctors may not think the symptoms are indicative of ovarian cancer. This is particularly the case if the woman doesn't have ovarian cancer in her family's history. Yet, it's still helpful if women are at least aware of the most common signs of ovarian cancer. By knowing what the symptoms are, she may not discredit the possibility of ovarian cancer, especially if they get worse in a relatively short period of time. This article will help women obtain this knowledge by explaining in detail the two main warning signs: abdominal pain and urinary incontinence.



Abdominal Pain



The first sign of ovarian cancer that you should look out for is abdominal pain. This is due to the ovarian tumors attacking the abdomen, resulting in fluid build-up that puts pressure on the nerves. Yet, the pain may not feel much different than what a woman gets if she has a tummy ache or even bad gas. So, the key is going to be how long the abdominal pain lasts. Tummy aches and gas usually don't last too long, especially when the source of what is causing the problem gets taken care of. The abdominal pain will be chronic and worsen over time. In the latter stages of ovarian cancer, the pain will be accompanied with abdominal girth and digestive problems.



Urinary Incontinence



Urinary incontinence is also a very common symptom of ovarian cancer. This is when a woman has an abnormal urge to urinate more than normal. When she does go to the bathroom, she may or may not actually urinate. Sometimes a woman may even leak urine even if she has gone to the bathroom. Now, incontinence is a much more significant than abdominal pain, so it may prompt a woman to seek at least a check-up. However, even the gynecologist may not realise what the problem is. This is because urinary incontinence can be a symptom of other diseases, some of which aren't even serious. An example is a urinary tract infection, a condition that can easily be treated with antibiotics. Yet, if the urinary tract infection is really indicative of ovarian cancer, antibiotics will not get it to go away.



So, what does a woman do if she exhibits any of the early warning signs of ovarian cancer? She needs to go to the doctor and let them know she has concerns over whether or not her symptoms are a result of the condition. The doctor will evaluate whether or not she is at high risk for the disease. If she is the doctor will probably suggest ovarian cancer screening. If she isn't the doctor will probably wait to see if the symptoms progress before suggesting any official screening. The reason this is the case is because women who are not at high risk for ovarian cancer tend to get misdiagnosed when they get ovarian cancer screening. Doctors want to avoid the possibility of a woman getting unnecessary ovarian cancer treatment.

Ovarian Cancer Stages - Top 4

We hear more and more that our friends or family have been diagnosed with cancer. Cancer is a terrible thing to happen to anybody. Ovarian cancer is one particular disease that seems to be on the rise so it is important for the female population to keep their yearly checkups on schedule. There are four stages that ovarian cancer goes through; let's review those ovarian cancer stages.



Stage 1 - The first stage is determining where the cancer is located and it can be in either one or both ovaries at this time. During this stage, the cancer is only located in the ovaries and has not moved elsewhere in the body. As this stage progresses, the cancer can be found in both ovaries and may at this time have moved to the outside and elsewhere in the body.



Stage 2 - This stage verifies if the cancer is found in one or both of the ovaries as well as that the cancer could now be on the outside of the ovaries as well as possibly other organs that are contained within the pelvic area. During this stage, the cancer spreads into the Fallopian tubes and/or the uterus. At the end of this stage, the cancer has spread to the uterus, colon, rectum, bladder, and into the lymph nodes. It is even possible at this point that the cancer can be found in the abdomen area.



Stage 3 - At this point, the cancer is found in one or both of the ovaries and has spread to other parts of the pelvic area. The cancer that can be found in the abdomen area are approximately 2cm or less but in the ovary(ies), the size could be larger than 2cm. Statistics show that most women are diagnosed with ovarian cancer during stage 3.



Stage 4 - This is the most extreme level the cancer reaches and is when the cancer has spread to other areas of the body. Surgery is usually performed to remove the cancer before further treatments are prescribed. Every attempt is made during surgery to remove the cancer which can be successful, but if the surgery is not then the patient must undergo chemotherapy treatments.



These stages were developed by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics or FIGO and are standard in assigning the ovarian cancer stages throughout the world.

Was Your Ovarian Cancer Misdiagnosed?

As many as 30,000 U.S. women will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer this year. In 2006, between 15,000 and 16,000 women are likely to die from this silent killer. Ovarian cancer is the 5th leading cause of death among women, and it is responsible for about five percent of all cancer deaths. Chances are your doctor may have misdiagnosed you. That is often the case. A recent British study found 60 percent of all U.K. general practitioners had misdiagnosed their patients.



Three-quarters of British doctors surveyed incorrectly assumed that symptoms only occurred in the late stages of ovarian cancer. Based upon that information, it should be no surprise that Britain has one of the lowest survival rates for ovarian cancer in the Western World - of 6,800 cases diagnosed each year, more than 4,600 die.



A similar discovery was made by University of California researchers, who announced last year, "Four in 10 women with ovarian cancer have symptoms that they tell their doctors about at least four months -- and as long as one year -- before they are diagnosed." According to their study of nearly 2,000 women with ovarian cancer, the researchers discovered physicians:



o First ordered abdominal imaging or performed gastrointestinal procedures instead of the more appropriate pelvic imaging and/or CA-125 (a blood test that can detect ovarian cancer).



o Only 25 percent of patients, who reported ovarian cancer symptoms four or more months before diagnosis, were given pelvic imaging or had CA-125 blood tests.



Patients with early symptoms are frequently misdiagnosed. Abdominal imaging or diagnostic gastrointestinal studies are less likely to detect ovarian cancer. According to the American Cancer Society's website, "The most common symptom is back pain, followed by fatigue, bloating, constipation, abdominal pain and urinary urgency. These symptoms tend to occur very frequently and become more severe with time. Most women with ovarian cancer have at least two of these symptoms."



By the time a woman reaches the fourth stage of ovarian cancer, her first-line treatment is often Carboplatin, Paclitaxel and Cisplatin as the specific chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. In the first stage, cancer is contained inside one or both ovaries. By stage two, the cancer has spread into the fallopian tubes or other pelvic tissues, such as the bladder or rectum. When the cancer has spread outside the pelvis area into the abdominal cavity, especially when tumor growths are larger than two centimeters on the lining of the abdomen, then ovarian cancer has reached stage three. The fourth and final stage of ovarian cancer is reached when the cancer has spread into other body organs, such as the liver or lungs.



If detected early, survival rates can be as high as 90 percent. Detected in the advanced stage, the survival rate falls to between 30 and 40 percent. Various imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and ultrasound studies can confirm whether a pelvic mass is present. A laparoscopy can help a doctor look at the ovaries and other pelvic tissue to in order to plan out a surgical procedure, or to determine the stage of the ovarian cancer. A biopsy, or tissue sampling, would confirm if there is cancer in your pelvic region, and would help determine how advanced it is. An elevated CA-125 blood test typically suggests the cancer has progressed to the advanced stage.



About 50 percent of ovarian cancer patients are already at an advanced stage by the time a correct diagnosis is made. Only 10 to 14 percent of women with advanced cancer are likely to survive more than five years.



Evaluation of Therapies



While research shows drinking black (or green) tea or taking the herbal supplement gingko biloba may be useful, as a preventative measure, or to reduce risk, a woman has few choices when her cancer has moved to the advanced stage. In the first stage, a woman faces surgical removal of the tumor, and possibly one or both ovaries, to increase her chances of survival. Beyond that, her choice is chemotherapy.



One major problem with chemotherapy is the side effects. The more advanced the cancer, the weaker one may be, reducing the survival rate potential. Survival rates have not changed very much over the past fifteen years. Chemotherapy can increase survival time by as much as 50 percent. But, quality of life suffers. The side effects and increased toxicity, accompanying chemotherapy, reduce how one spends the prolonged survival time.



Some of Paclitaxel's minor side effects, as reported by Medline Plus, may include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, change in taste, thinned or brittle hair, pain in the joints of the arms or legs, changes in the color of nails, and/or tingling in the hands or toes. More serious side effects may include mouth blistering or fatigue. Some alarming side effects could include unusual bleeding or bruising, dizziness, shortness of breath, severe exhaustion, chest pain, or difficulty swallowing. The most common side effect of Paclitaxel is a decrease of blood cells.



Carboplatin has its own list of side effects. It can reduce platelet production, which can interfere with your blood's ability to clot. You may become anemic, feeling tired or breathless. Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite and a general feeling of weakness are common with this chemotherapeutic agent.



The latest breed of drugs, such as Eli Lilly's Gemzar, are hardly getting praise. On March 10th, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) said it was skeptical of the benefits Eli Lilly's Gemzar, which was being used with Carboplatin to treat ovarian cancer patients. The FDA felt the 2.8 months increased survival time, provided by the Gemzar/Carboplatin combination failed to offset the treatment's increased toxicity.



In January, the New England Journal of Medicine reported on a remarkable new delivery system of chemotherapy, called the "intra-abdominal, or intraperitoneal, chemotherapy. Those who received the "belly bath" as it is now being called by the media can survive 16 months longer than those receiving intravenous chemotherapy. The major drawback is that 60 percent of the women in the study were unable to complete all six cycles of this chemotherapy. Those who did survived longer, but only two in every five women were able to advance to the end phase of the therapy.



One novel approach, now in Phase III trials at more than 60 research centers across the United States, is OvaRex ® MAb, a murine monoclonal antibody, a type of biotech drug derived from mouse cells. It is being tested by highly regarded United Therapeutics, based in Silver Springs, Maryland. Their lead drug Remodulin, an injection which treats pulmonary arterial hypertension, is currently being marketed inside and outside the United States. More than $32 million has been spent researching, and on the development of, OvaRex and may have it available on the market by 2008.



OvaRex was developed in Canada by a company called ViRexx Medical Corp, and first tested in that country. According to Dr. Lorne Tyrrell, Chief Executive of ViRexx, "The whole study has been set up with the FDA. This is a study where the drug has been given fast track approval and orphan drug status." Dr. Tyrrell is also on leave (until OvaRex become commercially available) as a Professor of Medical Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Alberta, and Director of the National Centre of Excellence for Viral Hepatitis Research.



OvaRex was tested in Canada, prior to the current Phase III trials in the U.S. "There have been a number of patients that have received OvaRex," said Dr. Tyrrell, "We've had really no adverse effects from these patients." Dr. Tyrrell explained the procedure, "After being injected intravenously, OvaRex binds to an antigen circulating in the blood." An antibody's general purpose is to neutralize an antigen. After an OvaRex injection, the murine monoclonal antibody binds to the CA-125 antigen.



In a way the body is tricked. But, the body is tricked in order to help "save" itself from the harmful antigen. When the OvaRex antibody is bound to the CA-125 antigen, the new combination is identified as a harmful unit. Before then, the antigen wanders through the body, without alerting the body's defense systems, the dendritic cells, to attack and destroy the harmful antigen. Because the body is trained to identify and zero in on a foreign protein, in this case a mouse protein, it alerts the dendritic cells. Until then, the dendritic cells "tolerate" the cancerous cells. The tolerance is what permits the cancer to spread throughout the body.
OvaRex seeks to break that tolerance. The murine monoclonal antibody is designed to target and bind exclusively to free floating CA-125 antigen.



The dendritic cells refuse to tolerate the foreign protein. When the antibody binds with the free-floating antigen, the dendritic cells recognize the complex (antibody plus antigen) as being foreign and engulf the new unit. The dendritic cells break down the key proteins of this unit, presenting all parts on the cells surface. At the point, the body's killer T-Cells are alerted to fight the internal threat to the body. Once activated, the T-Cells will replicate and create more killer T-Cells. Any tumor cells expressing the CA-125 antigen is targeted for destruction. The army of T-Cells move to attack the ovarian cancer tumor.



The principle behind OvaRex is to re-program the immune system to harness the body's defenses to prevent the growth and spread of the ovarian cancer. Will it cure ovarian cancer? "In most cases, it will be a delay," explained Dr. Tyrrell. "However, I think that, and everyone hopes that, often in some of these tumors, you're making incremental progress through careful clinical trials and adding new therapy. Each thing we do that improves the outcome when you start to look at the long term benefits of these, we hope that one day we will be able to cure this disease. We think this is a step. This has the potential to be an important step at helping to stimulate immune response to achieve a better outcome. Hopefully, one day we can improve that to where it is a cure."



COPYRIGHT © 2007 by StockInterview, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Ovarian Cancer and Oral Contraceptives

Ovarian cancer is an especially deadly form of cancer because it often goes undetected until it spreads to a vital organ and disrupts the organ's functioning. Thus, it earned the name "silent killer." While an estimated 13,580 women have passed away in 2010 due to cervical cancer, this number is gradually decreasing. Doctors and researchers believe that the increasing use of oral contraceptives plays a role in ovarian cancer's decrease.



Ovarian cancer can begin with three different tumor types on and around the ovary. These small, almond-shaped organs can mutate and develop tumors in the epithelium, which is the thin layer of tissue that covers the ovaries. This accounts for 85-90% of ovarian cancer cases. Two rarer forms of tumors begin in the actual egg-producing cells, or germ cells, as well as the supportive and hormone-producing tissue, called stromal tumors.



From here, ovarian cancer can spread in two different ways. It can leach into nearby tissue, such as the pelvis, cervix, and lower digestive system. Additionally, pieces of the tumor can break off and spread through the circulatory and lymph systems. From here, the tumors can anchor themselves anywhere in the body and begin to grow again.



In a study conducted by the Harvard Medical School, researchers found that even using oral contraceptives for one year decreased a woman's risk of developing ovarian cancer by 10-12%. After five years of using oral birth control, the risk dropped by half. At first, doctors found that this reduction in cancer rates occurred no matter the hormone in the oral contraceptive. However, a more in-depth study found that a higher level of progestin decreased the cancer risk better than low-progestin pills.



While many women turn to oral contraceptives solely to prevent unwanted pregnancy, it also has the proven benefit of protecting you from ovarian cancer as well. Frustratingly, though, not all birth control pills are created equally. Some, such as YAZ, Yasmin, and Ocella, have been linked to devastating side effects such as stroke and heart attack.

Stage 3 Ovarian Cancer - A Happy-Ending Story

Ovarian cancer most often presents in stage III, comprising more than 50% of all cases. Briefly, a stage 3 diagnosis means that cancer is found in one or both ovaries and has spread to other parts of the abdomen. This is a serious challenge for anyone to endure, but although it may seem initially overwhelming, I am writing this article as a measure of hope for those who are going through this right now.



Ten years ago a woman I knew, let's call her "Lisa," was diagnosed with stage 3 ovarian cancer. She had no risk factors of the disease, was diligent about going for her annual gynecological exams and checkups, and she never missed her yearly mammogram. Unfortunately, she was not aware of the early warning signs she was experiencing including indigestion, bloating, pelvic discomfort and pain, and a change in her menstrual periods. Had she realized these were signs and symptoms she should be on the lookout for, she would have seen a doctor earlier and it might have been the difference in stage 1 and stage 3. But she didn't know the symptoms to look for.



Once finally diagnosed, she underwent surgery with removal of a large tumor, and then 6 sessions of chemotherapy over a period of 15 weeks. During this time she listened to her doctor's prognosis (not great) and researched the disease, discovering the 5-year survival rate was somewhere around 20%. But she was a strong woman and she was determined to watch her 3 children grow up, finish college, have careers, and raise a family themselves. She was determined to beat this disease. She changed a few things in her life, exercising at least once a day, drinking more water, and eating healthier. Of course she had to go for checkups every few months for the first couple of years, and then every 6 months thereafter.



Just a few months ago, Lisa had the most amazing news. She went for her regular checkup at her oncologist's office and she was told that since she has been with no evidence of disease (known as NED) for 10 years she is now considered cured and she was discharged from the oncologist's care.



If you have been diagnosed with stage 3 ovarian cancer, don't even read the statistics because you are not a number. Especially in this day and time, it is so easy to find negative information on the Internet. I will tell you that I believe the reason for this is people go on the 'net with their problems and rarely go to talk about things that are going great in their life. This is why I wanted to share this with everyone. Take heart from Lisa's story and know that a cure is possible for anyone, regardless of what the numbers say.

Ovarian Cancer Symptoms

The symptoms of ovarian cancer can appear months before the cancer is found. Unless a woman is getting the tests that would reveal the cancer these symptoms many times wont be diagnosed. This alone is one of the problems with detecting ovarian cancer in its early stages. The symptoms of ovarian cancer are quite often dismissed due to the fact that they can be rather benign.



Stomach swelling and digestive problems for instance which are common symptoms of the presence of ovarian can be easily dismissed and ignored. Stomach problems are something everyone experiences at various times in their life. Ovarian cancer afflicts more than twenty-two- thousand women annually in the U.S. If caught in the early stages this cancer is treatable as goes for many other cancers.



If detected in its early stages, before it has spread from the ovaries a woman has a ninety percent chance of living for at least another five years. Unfortunately, less than twenty percent of ovarian cancer is detected in its early stage, Due to the fact that the symptoms of ovarian cancer don't involve the ovaries themselves the cancer many times can be overlooked as tests like stomach imaging can overlook the ovaries.



This is not to say that every time a woman gets a stomach ache or pelvic pain she should dash off to be tested for ovarian cancer. In cases where problems are persistent though researchers have concluded that ovarian cancer should be considered. If tests have ruled out other causes than tests for ovarian cancer should be performed. Ovarian cancer is a relatively rare cancer in women, it afflicts a small part of the general population and makes up a small percentage of the cancers afflicting women in general.



For the woman stricken with this form of cancer the statistics mean nothing though. So it appears from research findings that women have to take a greater part in the detection of this disease due to the nature of the symptoms and the elusive nature of this disease and with early detection so imperative in determining the survival rate of women afflicted with ovarian cancer.



If tests have ruled out other causes for the symptoms than tests for ovarian cancer should be performed earlier in the diagnosis process. A womans early response to the persistent symptoms related to ovarian cancer can be the key to her survival. New research has discovered that ultrasound and the CA125 test were many times not effective in detecting ovarian cancer in its early stages even in women already at high risk for developing the disease.



Women at high risk include women with a family history of the disease and women predisposed to it due to genetic mutations that can make ovarian cancer more likely. Of the two tests the blood test has shown to be more effective in finding ovarian cancer but it can sometimes give false positive results. Statistics are not good for the early detection of the cancer so other means must be developed it seems.



Experts agree that more research is needed in the area of detection of the disease as this seems to be so critical in determining the survival rate for ovarian cancer. The symptoms will always be the same though so for their part women must make themselves more aware of this cancer and its early detection. Tracking the symptoms can only be of help. Keeping an accurate record of your early symptoms and being persistent during the evaluation process can be the difference between surviving and not surviving ovarian cancer.

3 Types of Ovarian Cancer Explained

The ovaries are part of the female reproductive system. There are two ovaries (a left one and a right one) and when women get old enough to have children one of the ovaries releases an egg each month. These eggs then pass down the fallopian tube to the womb where they can be fertilised with sperm. If the eggs are not fertilised they exit the body during the woman's monthly period. Aside from releasing eggs, the ovaries are also responsible for producing oestrogen and progesterone.



Ovarian cancer develops when something goes wrong with the cell division process in the ovaries causing them to grow in a rapid and uncontrollable way. It is the fourth most common type of cancer in females with around 7,000 women contracting it in the UK each year. This condition is most prevalent in menopausal women and is rarely diagnosed in women under 40. There are three main types of ovarian cancer and I will be discussing each of them in greater detail below.



1) EPITHELIAL OVARIAN CANCER:- This type of cancer occurs when the cells that line the ovaries (the epithelium) start to grow in a rapid, out of control way. Between 70% and 80% of ovary cancers are this type and it is almost always diagnosed in women who have been through the menopause.



2) GERM CELL OVARIAN CANCER:- This type of cancer develops when the germ cells (the cells responsible for making eggs) start to grow rapidly and uncontrollably. Approximately 15% of ovary cancers are this type and unlike the other forms of this disease, germ cell ovarian cancer normally affects younger women.



3) STROMAL OVARIAN CANCER:- This type of cancer develops when the connective tissues of the ovaries become cancerous and start to grow in a rapid, uncontrollable way. Between 5% and 10% of ovary cancers are this type. This variation normally only affects one of the two ovaries.



Although there are three main kinds of ovarian cancer the risk factors, symptoms, tests, treatments and survival rates are similar for each. Women who contract this type of cancer have a five year survival rate of around 75% if it stays within the ovaries although this drops to about 20% if the cancer spreads to other areas of the body. It is not known exactly what causes this disease but age, obesity and family history are all thought to have an influence. The symptoms of ovary cancer are often very mild or non-existent but when they do surface they include bloating, constipation and stomach pain. If you are diagnosed with this condition surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy are the three most common treatment options.



I hope this article has given you a brief overview of this condition. Whilst being diagnosed with cancer is never going to be a pleasant experience this type of cancer is very treatable if caught early. If you have any concerns regarding ovary cancer then go see your doctor and explain your concerns. They will be able to answer your questions and give you a professional, qualified opinion.



Whilst every intention has been made to make this article accurate and informative, it is intended for general information only. Ovarian cancer is a very serious, life threatening condition and you should discuss any concerns, treatments or lifestyle changes fully with your doctor.

5 Most Common Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer presents a real risk to all women. Around 20,000 new cases are diagnosed each year. Unfortunately many of the symptoms go unnoticed, so it is important to know the 5 most common symptoms of ovarian cancer.



What makes ovarian cancer frightening is that many of the symptoms do not manifest until the later stages. One of the most common symptom is frequent bloating. This often goes overlooked because of the normal bloat that comes with a woman's monthly cycle.



Other notable symptoms include pain in your belly region, particularly around the pelvis region. People also experience difficulty eating and tend to feel full quickly. In addition, many women experience urinary problems. These can include urgency and frequency.



Make sure you are watching your menstrual cycle closely. Changes in your cycle can also be a symptom of ovarian cancer. These can include both an increase in bleeding and the stoppage of bleeding all together.



If you have three or more of these symptoms, daily for two weeks, it is important to see your physician. The symptoms typically start suddenly and feel much different from your normal menstrual or stomach troubles. They also happen each day and do not go away with medicine and time.



Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause for deaths among women. Over 100,000 women die each year from the disease. Therefore, it is very important that you listen to your body. If something does not seem right, visit your physician. Early detection is the key.

The Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer for a long time was known as a silent killer, simply because by the time the cancer was diagnosed it was too late for effective treatments to be given. Only about 20% of ovarian cancers are found before the cancer has begun to spread past the ovaries. This is mainly because many of the symptoms associated with ovarian cancer are almost the same as those associated with a lot of other common ailments.



The cancer begins in one or both of the ovaries which are located on the sides of the uterus. Each side of the uterus has one small, almond-sized ovary which is responsible for the production of the eggs and releasing them into the fallopian tubes. The ovaries are also responsible for producing estrogen and progesterone, which are two female hormones which tend to increase before and during ovulation. This increase in hormones may actually be what causes the tumors to form.



There are two types of tumors: cancerous, and non-cancerous.



The cancerous cells begin on the inside of the ovaries and spreading to the outside, and eventually if not treated will make their way towards the organs located in the pelvic area. They can also spread to other parts of the body through the bloodstream, or lymph nodes.



The non-cancerous cells do not spread, and are normally not considered a health threat, but they can contribute to the production of estrogen, which can cause cancerous cells to form.



It is critical that ovarian cancer is detected in its early stages in order to be able to better heal from the disease. But because the symptoms are similar to symptoms of other ailments it is often hard to distinguish between them. However, the symptoms associated with common ailments usually tend to go away within a day or two, but when the symptoms are associated with ovarian cancer they do not go away, but instead they gradually become worse as the cancer spreads.



Some of the symptoms are digestive disorders such as indigestion, gas, nausea, and constipation; bladder disorders where one urgently, or frequently needs to urinate; and trouble eating, as well as abdominal bloating or swelling. Pelvic pain, inconsistent menstrual cycles, pain during intercourse, lower back pain, and chronic fatigue or lack of energy are also symptoms of ovarian cancer.



If these symptoms occur for more than a week they should be checked out by a medical professional.



Changing to a raw food diet at the first signs of any symptoms may help to get rid of the symptoms, and even reverse the cancer if it has begun to form.

Ovarian Cancer Symptoms You Should Be Aware Of

Ovarian cancer is a type of gynecologic cancer that originates in the cells of the ovaries. It is the fifth most common cancer in women. As a matter of fact, it causes more deaths than any other type of gynecologic cancer. Ovarian cancer is often goes undetected in its early stages and it is usually found when the cancer cells have already spread into the pelvis and abdomen.



There are several factors that increase a person's risk of developing this disease. Women who give birth earlier in life are less likely to get this cancer. Additionally, the more children they have, the lower the risk will be. Women who have inherited BRCA1 or BRCA 2 gene mutation are at greater risk than those who have not. Women with personal or family history of ovarian and breast cancer should be more careful about their health since they are at greater risk of developing the disease. Age is another major risk factor; most deaths caused by this disease occur in women age 55 and older.



As with other types of cancer, ovarian cancer is indeed a very scary disease. However, it does not mean that it can't be cured. If the tumor is detected early, there is a 90 percent chance it will be cured. If the cancer is detected late and has already spread to other parts of the body, the chance of survival is lower and it can even lead to death. Hence, you need to know what the early symptoms of ovarian cancer are.



When the tumor is in its early states, it tends to show warning signs which are often mistaken for symptoms of other diseases such as digestive and bladder problems. These include abdominal pain, bloating, difficulty eating, and feeling full quickly. Additionally, sufferers may also experience other symptoms such as abnormal menstrual cycles, heavy feeling in pelvic area, swollen abdomen, back pain, digestive problems (such as lack of appetite, indigestion, constipation, nausea and vomiting, weight gain or loss), excessive hair growth, as well as increased urinary frequency.



These symptoms are likely to be persistent and they tend to worsen over time. If you have experienced any of these symptoms for more than a week, you need to seek medical attention immediately. Your doctor will be able to tell if they are indeed symptoms of ovarian cancer or if they indicate other diseases. If you do have ovarian cancer, your doctor should be able to determine the suitable treatment options based on the diagnosis.

Ovarian Cancer Symptoms

Ovarian cancer is known to be a silent killer. It takes the lives of close to 15,000 women across the United States each year and is usually difficult to detect. It is the leading cause of death among gynaecological cancers and the fifth among cancers of all kind. Much of the problem in providing adequate and fast treatment comes from the fact that it displays no tell-tale ovarian cancer symptoms to go by. Often enough, screening for cancer can fail at the first attempt and require multiple tests to provide a true positive result. Other than that, the early stages are very similar to other gynaecological problems that women display and are usually treated for the same. It can also be wrongly diagnosed as Irritable Bowel Syndrome and treated for that, further postponing correct therapy for cancer.



There are certain documented ovarian cancer symptoms, which when occurring together for long periods of time can be a cause for alarm. The loss of appetite, unexplained weight gain or loss, swelling in the abdomen and general pain in the stomach region are the first indicators of a disorder. After which, any kind of persistent bowel related problems, such as frequent urination, diarrhoea, excessive gas and constipation are further symptoms. Along with these, pain during sexual intercourse and irregular vaginal bleeding other than the time of menstruation is the extreme symptoms that definitely call for an immediate screening for ovarian cancer. Under such circumstances, going in for a simple pelvic examination is the first step one should take for confirming that the symptoms are indeed likely to be indicative of another disorder. After which, a CA 125 blood test and a Transvaginal Ultrasonography are required.



Further positive signs and ovarian cancer symptoms can be clarified with the help of these two diagnostic tools. They are quite helpful in diagnosing the disease. The CA 125 blood test measures blood levels over a period of days, keeping in mind the regular fluctuations of the levels and can be relied upon to give a true result after a given number of screenings. As the cancer advances in its stage, the results become far more accurate and can be received in one go, however this is detrimental to the health of the patient. One is suggested to use supplementary procedures and seek second opinions in case of persisting health problems. After the age of 40 years, it is advisable to keep such starting symptoms under very close scrutiny and consult a gynaecologist regularly.



Ovarian cancer symptoms are also at times confused for ovarian cysts, non-cancerous growths and vice versa. In these circumstances, all women must seek knowledge on ovarian cancer and apply it for better chances of catching the disease while it is still in its early stages of development. At this point, it can be removed without issue with surgery and further growth can be prevented. After it has reached the later stages of growth, remission becomes difficult to achieve and the life expectancy starts to plummet.

Ovarian Cancer - The Importance of Early Detection

It is important for women to educate themselves about ovarian cancer and the risk factors for this disease. In the past, the belief was that this condition would strike without symptoms. But now the medical community is aware of the early warning signs. Women can protect themselves and dramatically increase their chances of surviving this disease by paying attention to their bodies and by knowing the symptoms.



This form of cancer is more prevalent than once thought. Recent estimates suggest that one out of every 55 American women will develop the disease. The reason that it takes the lives of so many women is they do not detect the symptoms during the early stages. Often, they find out that they have it when the chances for survival are slim.



During the early stages of ovarian cancer, a woman's ovary contains cancerous cells that begin multiplying abnormally. At this time, there are some warning signs. However, these symptoms are often dismissed as being normal feminine conditions such as menstrual cramps.



The early symptoms include pain in the pelvic region, rapid weight gain or loss, and pain during sexual intercourse. Other warning signs are a lack of energy, nausea, unusually heavy bleeding during the menstrual cycle, or extremely long periods.



A woman may experience one or more of these indicators. Anyone who experiences these symptoms for an extended amount of time should see a physician in order to find out if the discomforts are caused by the early stages of cancer. This is especially important if the symptoms last for more than one week.



A physician will do a biopsy along with a pelvic examination on a woman who may be experiencing the early symptoms of ovarian cancer. This will help determine if there are any abnormalities or cancerous or pre-cancerous cells. It will also reveal if treatment is necessary and which type of medication would be best in order to prevent the problem from advancing.



Detecting the disease during the early stages dramatically increases the chances that a patient can be cured. Unfortunately, many women do not become aware of their condition until it has progressed to the stages. By this time, it may have spread to other areas of the body, which lowers the chances for survival.

Ovarian Cancer Symptoms - Silent Symptoms You Must Know

Ovarian cancer symptoms are very unlikely to be detected unless you have knowledge of the early signs and symptoms. The cancer holds its reputation as "The Silent Killer" because of the lack of obvious symptoms in its early stage when its still curable. In three out of four patients, the cancer has already spread from the lower abdomen to other organs before it was discovered in its later stages. And though, 95% of women do experience early signs prior to diagnosis, but sadly the majority of these women do not recognize it as symptoms of ovarian cancer. Therefore, it is crucially important to understand the hidden signs that may pass by swiftly in which it becomes too late to cure. Read thoroughly to learn some of the early signs and symptoms.



Signs & Symptoms



The following can also be from varies other health issues but be cautious if you experience one or more of the symptoms below for one to three weeks and contact your doctor immediately for a pelvic examination test, and a recto-vaginal component, which will show the best prediction of a timely diagnosis.



Symptoms include lower abdominal pressure or discomfort, increased frequent gas, lack of appetite, unusual weight change, abnormality in your menstrual cycles, sense of heaviness in the pelvic, increased frequency and urgency to urinate and/or burning or spasms while urinating, abdomen swelling, feeling full, constant bloating, indigestion, changes in bowel movements, unusual tiredness or fatigue, nausea and vomiting, vaginal bleeding or discharge especially when your not in your menstrual period, lower back pain that worsens over time, difficulty breathing, onset of acne, pain during or after intercourse, sharp pain in or around the ovaries or the pelvic area, and fever.



The link between ovarian cysts and ovarian cancer



Although it is not a fact, studies did find that those who have constant onsets of ovarian cysts or had polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) showed a much increased risk to developing ovarian cancer. Ovarian cysts effects a high majority of women worldwide. Statistics has shown that almost 80% of all women will develop an ovarian cyst at some point in their life, but not all women will experience symptoms. It is vital to learn how to treat cysts or PCOS and reduce your risks of developing cancer.



Treating ovarian cysts and decreasing your cancer risks



You can decrease your cancer risks simply by treating your ovarian cysts or PCOS before they start to get dangerous. Taken birth control or hormonal pills will not take away cysts or PCOS because prescription medication may only cover some symptoms but do not actually prevent the cysts from reoccurring. However, changing to the right diet, exercise, and alternating to natural treatments such as herbal remedies, were found to dramatically shrink and even prevent cysts and PCOS from reoccurring and lowering risks to developing cancer. It is surely something your doctor never mentions to you, but many women actually found great success using natural treatment options that eliminated their cysts within a very short period of only two month.

Ovarian Cancer Survival Rates - Useful Facts

What are the realities behind the ovarian cancer survival rate? Probably the most integral aspect is coming up with a diagnosis in the early stages, particularly if cancerous problems occur in your family history. Even if it does not, it is important for women to minimize the risk of it by nursing your baby, delivering your first little one between the ages of 20 and 35, using birth control pills, or undergoing a hysterectomy.



If you were clinically determined to have cancer of the ovaries, you no doubt know extremely well that internet websites generally present the ovarian cancer survival chances in a very undesirable light. All the same, exactly what a large amount of the websites via the web do not show is that women of all ages have a significantly increased ovarian cancer survival rate if they're diagnosed sooner rather than later. Just one fourth of all women are actually identified as having ovarian cancer in the early stages. The rate of the survival with regard to those specific females will be an astounding 90%. The majority of sites may not present these marvelous probabilities though, mainly because 75% of women will not have the blessing of being diagnosed in the early stages.



If the woman is among the 75 percent that do not get a diagnosis promptly when it comes to cancer, how does the woman raise her odds when she's clinically diagnosed? Just how can the woman's cancer prognosis be improved upon? Whenever ladies hold off until they see ovarian cancer warning signs, it could actually be far too late to get categorized within the one quarter of women. Having said that, there are many times when ladies notice signs and symptoms, for example puffiness around the abdominal area, which usually encourages them to see a medical doctor. Frequently, signs or symptoms are mistaken for something considerably less dangerous, but when a woman actually possesses the smallest idea that she may have cancerous ovaries, she will need to visit a medical doctor without delay.



When a woman has cancer of the ovaries in her own family's background, she should go get evaluated for cancerous cells or ovarian cysts without delay. Sometimes, however, screenings will not be 100 percent reliable, hence an incorrect diagnosis could sometimes happen. But if somebody is actually diagnosed competently, it could very definitely end up being the tool that spares her life.



An issue defining the actual ovarian cancer survival rate is certainly the exact phase the woman is currently in. You'll discover various cancer stages any time the ovaries are concerned, and the further along the stage of cancer, the worse the rate of survival. That's why it's very necessary to spot it quickly, mainly because the earlier it is diagnosed and treatment is started, the greater the survival rate. As an illustration, the stage three rate of survival will be a whole lot different in comparison with the stage one rate of survival, so immediately after a woman is clinically diagnosed, that female ought to obtain therapy.



One more ingredient that determines the actual chance of survival is age. The more aged a woman might be, the lower the chance that she might be equipped to drive back cancer as well as a younger woman could. This is definitely an additional rationale why ladies should be evaluated and treated early if they're at an increased risk or have already been diagnosed.



For those who have previously been clinically determined to have ovarian cancer, or if you think that you might possibly be afflicted with it, the most crucial detail to be aware of is that it is not necessarily over. You'll find so many strategies that can help you pull through, and the ovarian cancer survival rates are much greater the quicker you start treatment.

Ovarian Cancer - Ayurvedic Herbal Treatment

Cancer of the ovaries is known as ovarian cancer. A personal or family history of cancer, age over 55, older women with no history of pregnancy, and a history of prolonged estrogen treatment, are risk factors for ovarian cancer. Common symptoms include a swollen or bloated abdomen; pressure or pain in the abdomen, pelvis, back or legs; nausea, indigestion, gas, constipation or diarrhea; and feeling very tired all the time. Surgery and chemotherapy, and rarely radiation therapy, are the standard line of treatment for this condition.



The Ayurvedic treatment of ovarian cancer is aimed at treating the cancer, preventing its spread and prolonging survival. Medicines like Triphala-Guggulu, Kanchnar-Guggulu, Punarnavadi-Guggulu, Mahamanjishthadi-Qadha, Chandraprabha-Vati, Ashokarishta, Dashmoolarishta, Kuber-Vati, Ashoka (Saraca indica), Deodar (Cedrus deodara), Varun (Crataeva nurvala) and Latakaranj (Caesalpinia crista) are used in this condition.



Medicines which act on the 'Rakta' dhatu (tissue) are useful in this condition. These medicines include Patol (Tricosanthe dioica), Kutki (Picrorrhiza kurroa), Saariva (Hemidesmus indicus), Patha ( Cissampelos pareira) , and Musta (Cyperus rotundus). Medicines like Kanchnaar-Guggulu and Mahamanjishthadi-Qadha are used in high doses to prevent the spread of the disease locally or to other parts of the body.



Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera), Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus), Suvarna-Sutshekhar-Ras, Suvarna-Parpati, Suvarna-Raj-Vangeshwar-Ras, Suvarna-Malini-Vasant, Trivanga-Bhasma, Suvarna-Bhasma and Heerak-Bhasma are used to improve the immune status of the body. To prevent or reduce side effects from conventional therapy, medicines like Laxmi-Vilas-Ras, Shrung-Bhasma, Ashwagandha, Shankh-Vati and Laghu-Sutshekhar-Ras are used.



Thus, Ayurvedic medicines can be used as additional therapy to modern, conventional treatment; to bring about a faster response, to prevent recurrence, and improve quality of life and overall survival of the patient. It is important to note that all such patients should be under the regular care and supervision of an Oncology team.

Ovarian Cancer: Symptoms, Risk Factors and How to Detect It

Today I will talk about a killer to many women. This is one of the cancers that threaten women's life because in many cases it is asymptomatic



Let's talk in brief about the "ovaries". The ovaries are glands present on the sides of the uterus. The ovary has 2 functions:



1. To produce hormones (oestrogen and progesterone)



2. During child-bearing period, it releases an egg monthly



After menopause, the ovary ceases to release eggs but continues to produce hormones but at a lower rate. This cancer occurs when cells in the ovary start to multiply and grow rapidly.



In many women who have ovarian cancer, there are no symptoms. And if there are symptoms, they are non-specific.



Symptoms include:



- Abdominal discomfort or fullness
- Dyspepsia
- Pelvic pain
- Constipation
- Back pain



Because the symptoms are non-specific, usually patients present when spread has occurred. That's why it is a "silent killer."



There are risk factors for ovarian cancer, such as:



- Low parity
- Delayed childbearing
- High fat diet



Genetics can play an important role. A gene known as BRCA 1 gene is associated with breast - ovarian cancer syndrome.



Our goal is to detect it as early as possible and that will be by doing a routine yearly pelvic examination in the pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women. Besides a periodic ultrasonography coupled with CA-125 can be used to screen ovarian cancer



Once diagnosed, the treatment options will depend on its type. There are many types of ovarian cancer and each one has it's treatment.

Ovarian Cancer Teal Ribbon of Hope

The ovarian cancer teal ribbon of hope is some particular type of ribbon that is basically designed for purposes of giving support to those women who have undergone the ordeal of suffering from cancer of the ovaries. Not only can it be worn to give hope to the survivors of ovarian cancer but it is also a ribbon hope for the families of the survivors. It comes in different forms to fit the taste of the one wearing it. For instance there is a large variety of ovarian cancer teal ribbon of hope that comes in form of wrist watch and also bracelet depending on one's taste. There are also the teal ribbons found on necklaces that are either beaded or made of glass and have the ribbon embedded on them.



Whatever the design of the ribbon it matters less because the most important thing is that awareness about ovarian cancer is raised to the world and these women who have suffered the disease known to be terminal have a ray of hope in their lives and this is a big inspiration to them because it enables them feel thought of and allows them to live each day with a gratuitous heart. The ovarian cancer teal ribbon of hope advocates for awareness and this is made possible by the ways in which this ribbon is displayed. T shirts are the major way in which ovarian cancer teal ribbon of hope has been used to raise awareness.



Others are found as badges, others are displayed on mugs and cups, some are found as key holders, some are on caps and the most unique is that there are even tattoos for this teal ribbon. This thus shows how much people have taken cancer of the ovaries into account and are doing all ways possible to ensure that this becomes common knowledge to everyone and if there is any stigmatization, it becomes a form of teaching and a lesson to those that are estranged to the disease. People have very different reasons as to why they wear the ribbon since it is how the whole thing that revolves around ovarian cancer touched them. Others are activists of the disease and wear the ribbon for such reasons; others wear it for reasons based on cure as well as those who have reasons of advocacy and support.



The ovarian cancer teal ribbon of hope in the recent past has enabled the education on this disease which was the basic reason for its existence in the first place. This further aids in terms of funding and legislation in the national level. So many organizations have come up with similar ways of assisting and have also worked with hospitals in order to raise funds and also do more research on cancer of the ovaries. This is basically the main agenda of such organizations and the ovarian cancer teal ribbon of hope has been the best way to spread the word on it and helping to eradicate the ignorance on cancer of the ovaries and to give the affected hope for the future.

Ovarian Cancer Back Pain

Well, many women in America are diagnosed with pre-ovarian cancer. Pre-ovarian cancer back pain is a common symptom of the disease which is many-a-time treated as a normal back pain mistakenly in the initial stage of cancer. Yes, your doctor can miss it, so you need to be cautious if suffering from chronic and stubborn back pain problem.
Just look at some statistics now. According to a recent study, close to 30,000 women of US will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer in the year 2006. It is also stated that between 15,000 to 16,000 deaths due to ovarian cancer are likely to happen this year. It accounts for 5 % of all the types of cancer deaths.



What encourages this silent killer to go on mercilessly? What are the doctors doing? How is that, that by the time this disease is detected, it is too late! Why it could not be detected at the first stage?



There is dispute among the researchers. British doctors did not make the correct survey when they arrived at the conclusion that symptoms came to the fore at the late stages of the ovarian cancer. So, when they detected the cancer, it was too late.



But, contrary were the findings of the University of California researchers. They concluded that some definite symptoms could be detected four months before and some even before one year. Hence, better treatment was possible.



"The most common symptom is back pain, followed by fatigue, bloating, constipation, abdominal pain and urinary urgency. These symptoms tend to occur very frequently and become more severe with time. Most women with ovarian cancer have at least two of these symptoms."



-American Cancer Society



Most of the back pain treatments are frustrating. They provide temporary relief here and there. So, you get fed up with the treatment that does not work.



Can Ovarian Cancer be found early? Why ovarian cancer? Every disease tends to cause some symptoms- some specific and some vague. In case of ovarian cancer, it could be abdominal swelling, vaginal bleeding on a high scale, pressure in the pelvic region, leg pain, problems related to digestion--gas trouble, continuous bloating, chronic indigestion and recurring stomach pain and most importantly, the back pain! So, if you take disease by disease treatment, without knowing about the root cause- ovarian cancer will take control slowly, steadily but firmly. After some months, your doctor will find the situation out of control as it is a belated diagnosis!

How You Can Survive Stage 4 Ovarian Cancer

Your doctor has just told you that your ovarian cancer has moved onto stage 4, the most advanced and dangerous stage of them all. Your worst nightmare has just been realized and you are in a very distressed and desperate state. This is a very common feeling among stage 4 cancer sufferers. But remember this. People have survived stage 4 cancer and this article will outline how they achieved this against the odds.



Firstly, a couple of statistics to give you some comfort. More than 60% of all ovarian sufferers are already in stage 3 or 4 at the time of diagnosis. In other words, there are many people out there in your situation and it gives you a chance to share your experience. Another comforting statistic is only 0.1% of patients show metastases of the brain, which is frankly a horrible experience.



You may have heard people say that there is no cure for stage 4 cancers or that such cancers are inoperable. In other words, stage 4 cancer sufferers are in some way terminally ill. But that's not true. There are treatments for stage 4 ovarian cancer. For example, patients normally undergo a total hysterectomy and a process of tumour debulking which involves the removal of as much tumour as possible from the pelvic area. Following these 2 procedures, chemotherapy is used to kill off the remaining cancer. You can now agree that there are various treatments for this type and stage of cancer.



Finally, probably the most important part of surviving ovarian cancer is to have a positive, upbeat attitude to your situation. It's amazing the amount of people that get sick or get worse by simply adopting a negative attitude. Be optimistic and treat this experience as a fascinating learning experience in your journey of life.



As you can see, surviving this dangerous stage of cancer is indeed possible and you cannot and must not lose hope if you want to overcome this cancer. Always remember that having a positive attitude is vital in your battle to survive stage 4 ovarian cancer.

Natural Remedies For Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer begins to form in one or both of the small, almond-sized ovaries which are located on the sides of the uterus. The cancer forms on the cells on the inside of the ovaries and spreads to the outside, and eventually to other parts of the body. There are ovarian tumors which are not cancerous, and usually are not considered to be a health threat.



Ovarian cancer is treatable if caught at an early stage, but the sad part is that most of these cancers go unnoticed until it is too late. Only about 20% of these cancers are diagnosed before they have spread past the ovaries. Many of the symptoms of ovarian cancer are those similar to other common diseases, which is why these symptoms go undiagnosed.



Some of these symptoms are constipation and other digestive problems, bladder disorders, lower back pain, fatigue or lack of energy.



The best defense against ovarian cancer is to switch to a raw food diet, and avoid most cooked foods and all processed and junk foods if possible. You should also drink lots of fluids and engage in regular exercise. If the symptoms are present there are many home remedies which can be taken along with a raw diet, and may help to relieve and even reverse the symptoms.



Ginger has shown to be able to destroy cancerous cells in ovarian cancer. This is due to the antioxidants and other cancer fighting agents that ginger contains. To take advantage of this, simply start adding ginger to your daily diet in your salads, teas, stir-fries and baked dishes. However, the best way to consume ginger is in its raw state.



Wolf-berry berries also known as goji berries can also help to reduce the symptoms, simply by adding them into your diet. These berries are great by themselves, in trail mixes or in your morning smoothies.



Other essential foods to include in your regular diet are graviola, strawberries, raspberries, cranberries, blueberries, rosemary, sage and avocados. You can also make tea from the leaves of spearmint, bamboo leaves, Korean pepper, grape seeds and dandelion roots.



To make the most out of these foods you should avoid eating toxic foods that contain unnatural ingredients and high amounts of processed sugar as they contribute to the formation and growth of cancerous cells. Red meat has also been linked to cancer, and thus you should avoid or at least reduce your intake of that as well.

Ovarian Cancer Symptoms

Ovarian cancer is a difficult to diagnose disease simply because the symptoms are so similar to many common ailments and other diseases. Medical professionals did not realize this for many years, and thus they were unable to detect the cancer at an early stage.



Ovarian Cancer Symptoms



The symptoms of ovarian cancer include digestive problems such as feeling full, bloating, gas, nausea and constipation. Bladder disorders such as the need to urinate frequently, inconsistent menstrual cycles, lower back pain, pelvic pain and pain during intercourse are all symptoms as well. These symptoms are often common among women, and thus when they arise they are often ignored until it is too late.



The best way to determine whether or not these are ovarian cancer symptoms or just symptoms of a common ailment is to take note of how long they persist. If they are the result of a common ailment they will disappear within a few days to a week. However, if they are the result of cancer cells, then they will linger around and gradually become worse as time goes on.



Medical help should be sought immediately at the first sign of the cancer so that the growth can be halted.



Who is at Risk?



Ovarian cancer can affect women of all ages, but it mainly affects older women who have gone through menopause. The risk increases with age, but some studies show that the hormone replacement therapy that is administered during menopause may play a role in the development of the cancer.



According to studies, the formation of the cancer may also be related to higher levels of estrogen. Estrogen is a hormone that is produced during ovulation, as well as by fat cells. Thus those who are obese or overweight, and began menstruating at an early age, or stopped menstruating at a later age are at a higher risk.



Treatments



Ovarian cancer is highly treatable with natural remedies as well as with conventional treatments if diagnosed early enough. The conventional methods of treatments for ovarian cancer are the standard treatments such as surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. However the type of treatment a patient will receive depends largely on how far the cancer has spread.



There are also many natural ways to treat the cancer. The Gerson Therapy is widely known to naturally help cure all types of cancers with fresh fruit and vegetable juices. These juices are high in antioxidants that help to flush out the harmful toxins that contribute to the formation of cancer cells. Thus drinking lots of freshly squeezed juices and eating raw foods high in antioxidants and other essential nutrients can help to prevent cancer from forming in the first place.

Can Ovarian Cysts Cause Cancer?

Can ovarian cysts cause cancer? This is a common question many women ask, especially those who have been diagnosed with having ovarian cysts, or even those who merely suspects they have ovarian cysts. If this question concerns you, let's clarify something now: ovarian cysts are very common and affect most women of child bearing age. However, they are mostly harmless and experts estimate only about 15 cases out of a whopping 100,000 (that's only about 0.015%) cases of ovarian cysts turn into cancers.



Although the percentage is rather small, it must also be noted that cancerous ovaries tend to hide any symptoms until they are larger. This makes it very important for women to check with their doctors early if they suspect that something is amiss. It is also a very good practice to have annual pelvic examinations as this will allow your doctor or gynecologist to detect any ovarian cysts, polycystic ovaries and even possible cancers early.



One of the tests that doctors use to determine whether an ovarian cyst is cancerous is a blood test called the CA-125 test. However, it is important to note that sometimes, some cancer growths in the ovaries do not produce enough CA-125 to be detected by this test so it is not foolproof. And even if CA-125 is detected, it may be also caused by other non-cancerous health conditions.



In some cases, not only can ovarian cysts cause cancer,they can also cause other possibly life threatening complications, especially if they develop further into PolyCystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS). These complications may take the following forms:



1. Cardiovascular disease - linked to insulin resistance, decreased fibrinolysis, increased C-reactive protein levels and increased carotid intimal thickness.



2. Diabetes - linked to insulin resistance and exhaustion of the pancreas.



3. Pregnancy related problems - linked to hypertension and pre-eclampsia.



4. Elevated LDL - bad cholesterol.



5. High blood pressure.



So, to recap: Can ovarian cysts cause cancer? Yes it can, but it is relatively rare. Cancer, as well as ovarian cysts and PCOS have been linked to an imbalanced lifestyle where people are over-stressed at work, eating the wrong kinds of food and practically living a life where their bodies are continuously challenged to maintain its balance. Practitioners of holistic healing and natural living believe that it is when this balance is lost that disease and health complications arise. To complement your current healthcare, you may want to explore natural remedies to reduce or prevent the occurrence of ovarian cysts, PCOS and cancerous cysts.

What is Ovarian Cancer?

Women have two ovaries in their lower abdomen, one on each side of the uterus. The ovaries are part of the reproduction system. There are two jobs that ovaries do; they produce hormones (estrogen and progesterone), and they release eggs that travel down the fallopian tubes to the uterus.



Ovarian cysts can be found on the outer surface of an ovary or inside it. An ovarian cyst contains fluid, and it can also contain solid matter. It is very important to know that most ovarian cysts are NOT cancer. They are benign cysts that will go away all by themselves over time.



When a doctor finds a cyst on an ovary, he will not rush the patient into an emergency surgery. MOST OVARIAN CYSTS ARE BENIGN! He will watch the cyst over a period of time, and if the cyst doesn't shrink and go away, or if the cyst gets larger, the doctor will then order tests to determine whether the cyst is in fact a problem.



Ovarian cancer cells can invade all parts of a woman's reproductive system. It can invade the fallopian tubes and the uterus as well as the ovaries. Ovarian cancer cells are sometimes shed from the original tumor. They shed cells can cause new tumors to form in the abdomen. Ovarian cancer cells can also spread cancer through the lymphatic system to lymph nodes in the pelvis, abdomen, and chest.



Family history seems to be the largest risk factor. Women who have a mother, a daughter, or a sister who has had ovarian cancer are at a much greater risk for developing ovarian cancer than the rest of the population. Women who have a family history of cancer of the breast, uterus, colon, or rectum may also have an increased risk of ovarian cancer.



The best policy for women is to have regular physical exams. If there is a family history of ovarian cancer, breast cancer, or cancer of the uterus, colon, or rectum, it is important to tell your doctor about your family history.

How to Find Out If You Have Ovarian Cancer

There are over 30 types of ovarian cancer that doctors group into 3 major categories based on the kinds of cells the cancer is formed out of. These include epithelial tumors, germ cell tumors, and sex cord-stromal cell tumors.



Many women are not diagnosed with ovarian cancer until it is in the late stages because detecting that something may be wrong on your own is difficult to do. Screening is not recommended for ovarian cancer because the screening tests are not accurate enough to be able to detect it. However, some symptoms you may have can be cause for concern. These symptoms include abdominal/pelvic discomfort or pressure, back or leg pain, bloating, changes in bowel function or urinary frequency, fatigue, astrointestinal symptoms, malnourished or wasted appearance, nausea or loss of appetite or unusual vaginal bleeding.



There are 3 main types of treatment for ovarian cancer that can be used separately but are sometimes combined. These treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. It is recommended that you learn more at site that specializes in ovarian cancer treatment.



Surgery is performed to remove cancerous tissues as much as possible. This form of treatment for ovarian cancer is usually required and can be used with other forms of treatment. Performing surgery helps the surgeon to determine aspects of the tumor and to remove as much of the tumor as possible. The best chances of a cure with this method is if there are no residual tumor masses, or if there are that they are less than 1 cm in size.



The surgeon can perform two procedures with this aspect of treatment, a laparotomy through an abdominal incision or a laparoscopy, though an incision using a tube with a light and camera on it. A sample of the tumor is immediately taken and examined to confirm the ovarian cancer exists. Once the cancer is confirmed then either a full hysterectomy, bilateral salpengoopharectomy, omentectomy, or lymphadenectomy may occur.



Chemotherapy is used to destroy cancer cells using drugs. Chemotherapy can also damage normal cells however, which can cause anemia, gastrointestinal symptoms, leukopenia, temporary hair loss, and thrombocytopenia. There are medicines that have been developed that can help to reduce these side effects.



There are four ways to receive chemotherapy. They are intravenous, intraperitoneal, oral, and intramuscular injection. Many chemotherapy treatments are given over a 3 week period using the intravenous method.



Radiotherapy, also known as radiation therapy, is not commonly used in the United States due to the cancer being found too late. Radiotherapy uses a high energy, ionizing radiation to kill cancer cells. It can be delivered in one of two ways which include radiotherapy devices and/or injection.



Gene therapy and hormone therapy are still being tested. The findings thus far have been found to be promising but the official results will not be available for a number of years still.



After being treated for ovarian cancer it is imperative that the patients continue follow up appointments with their doctors. Most women who have ovarian cancer that is in remission usually see a reoccurence within 2 years of treatment being successful however it can reoccur up to 20 years after treatment. Most patients have follow up visits every 3 months for the first 2 years.



There are several ways to help try and prevent ovarian cancer and some treatments that are still being tested. The existing ways include oral contraceptives, modification to your diet and exercise routines, pregnancy and breastfeeding, genetic counseling, tubal litigation and ovary removal. These methods may help to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer by a significant percentage.

Ovarian Cancer: More Deadly Than Breast Cancer

A few years ago I was asked if I knew what the most deadly gynecologic cancer was and I answered "Well, breast cancer of course." Oh, how I was wrong. The American Cancer Society estimates that the average five year survival rate of breast cancer at any stage to actually be 89 percent. While no cancer is good that's a pretty good rate. The correct answer to the question is ovarian cancer, and its five year survival rate (estimated by the American cancer society) is only 46 percent. We need to find out why this cancer is so deadly.



Cancer is a dangerous and mysterious thing to people that don't know much about it. Well, everyone is made up of cells, cells are what make up tissue and tissue is what makes up our organs. Normally when a cell gets old and tired it dies just like we do and a new cell takes its place. Our body produces these new cells by growing and dividing healthy cells. Sometimes our body overproduces cells and this is when tumors (mass of tissue) are formed. These tumors aren't always cancer; when they are not they are called benign tumors. When they are cancer they are call malignant; these are the ones that can be life-threatening. Both types of tumors can be removed but the cancerous ones are more likely to grow back and only they also can spread to different parts of your body. When this happens the cancer cells are breaking away from the original tumor and entering the blood stream to use it like a highway to travel around your body. When the cancer cells spread like this it's called metastasis and the cancer can start to go new tumors. If these cells reach any of your organs and start to go new tumors and this is when damage can be done.



They call it ovarian cancer because the tumor first starts at the ovaries and is made up of over productive ovarian cells. The ovaries are part of the women's reproductive system and are attached to the uterus by the fallopian tubes. When a malignant tumor starts to grow these areas can also be affected because of their close proximity to the ovaries. When this tumor starts to shed cancer cells the cells typically go to the abdomen first because it's closest to where the reproductive system is located. Then as I said before the cancerous cells can start to affect your lymph nodes and enter your blood stream to travel to different organs.



Ovarian cancer is so deadly because it's very hard to detect. Every year more than 14,600 women die from ovarian cancer in the United States. This may not seem like a lot when you think of all the billion people that live here but when about 20,000 women are diagnosed with ovarian cancer each year that number seems like a lot. So this means that on average 7 out of 10 women will die from this disease and this is all because it is so hard to detect. In order to detect it you have to know what the symptoms are. The most common symptoms are pain in the abdomen, pelvis, back or legs because of where the cancer is located in your body. You can also have a swollen or bloated abdomen because it can fill up with fluids. You will also feel very tired all the time and would have some nausea, indigestion, gas, constipation, or even diarrhea. Some less common symptoms would be shortness of breath, the urge to urinate often, and unusual vaginal bleeding. Now these are pretty general symptoms and many other disease or illnesses can cause them and that's why it's so hard to detect because ovarian cancer is not typical the very first thing we think of when we have one or more of these symptoms.



Most women would think if there was a problem that it would show up on their Pap test which is a once yearly screening that women get from their doctor. However, a Pap test is only screening for cervical cancer and it cannot be used to diagnose ovarian cancer. When women do go in to your doctor for the Pap test he or she should be doing a pelvic exam as well, during this they will feel your ovaries and organs in close proximity for any lumps or changes in shape and/or size. More often than not the doctors will not be able to feel a tumor until they are a substantial size. This is why we look to other testing as well as the pelvic exam to diagnose this cancer. If women who have abdominal bloating or pain and would go to the doctor, they may check your abdomen for fluid buildup. If they some find some a sample can be taken to test for ovarian cancer cells as part of the diagnoses. There is also blood testing where your doctor would check your CA-125 level to see if it is high. The CA-125 is a substance that is found on the surface of the ovarian cancer cells but also on some normal tissue, this is why a high level might indicate cancer. Unfortunately this test cannot be used as the only test for diagnosing ovarian cancer. It is mainly used for monitoring a woman that has already been diagnosed and is going through treatment or as an early detection for the return of cancer after treatment has been completed. The next way to get diagnosed is by having an ultrasound done. There are two different types of ultrasounds that can be done; the first is the less invasive of the two. This is where they take the ultrasound device and press it up against your abdomen and the sound waves that it produces bounce off the organs to produce a picture for us to see. By using this they would be able to get a picture of the ovaries to see if there was a tumor or any abnormalities. The second type of ultrasound they can do is a transvaginal ultrasound and it does the same things as the regular one however this device is inserted into the vagina for a much better view of the ovaries. The last test to help diagnose this cancer is a biopsy. They will only do a biopsy if blood test and one of the ultrasounds have indicated that there may be a tumor. A biopsy is when they take a sample of tissue or fluid to look for cancer cells. Once they biopsy has been done a pathologist will look as the sample under a microscope for any cancer cells. If there are some found then they will be described as either grade 1, 2, or 3 and this is based off of how abnormal the cells look.



Once the doctors have determined that there are cancer cells present they have to determine what stage the disease is in before they can start any treatment. In order to find out what stage the cancer is in the doctor must know grade the tumor is which we discussed earlier and they also may need to run a series of more test such as a CT scan or a chest x-ray. The CT scan is where they would give you some contrast material and the machine would then take several pictures to get a clearer picture of your pelvis and abdomen to see any tumors or abdominal fluid. The chest x-ray is used to see if the cancer has spread to your lungs and if there is any fluid buildup there as well.



There are four stages of ovarian cancer; the first stage is called stage 1. Stage 1 is where cancer cells can be found on one or both ovaries or in abdominal fluid. Only 15 percent of the total women diagnosed have stage 1 and they have a 5 year survival rate of 93.8 percent (statistics). Stage 2 is where the cancer has spread to other reproductive organs such as the fallopian tubes and the uterus. It can also be found in abdominal fluid as well as other tissue in the pelvis area. The 5 year survival rate for stage 2 is 72.8 percent and only 17 percent of women diagnosed have this stage. Stage 3 is where the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes and can be also found on the outside of the liver. This is the most common stage that women are diagnosed (62 percent) with only a 28.2 percent survival rate or 5 years (statistics). The last stage is stage 4 and this is when the cancer can be found in the lungs or in any other organs. So, at this point it has traveled out of both the pelvic and abdominal areas. This has the lowest survival rate of 27.3 percent and the lowest percent of women diagnosed at 7 percent (statistics).



Once the doctor has determined what stage you are in you can start treatment accordingly. Most women will have surgery to remove cancer cells and also both ovaries and fallopian tubes, your uterus, any nearby lymph nodes, as well as the omentum which is a thin fat pad that covers the intestines. If you only have stage 1 sometimes the doctors will leave the uterus intact and only take one ovary and fallopian tube but this depends on your age and whether or not you would like to become pregnant and have children. If the cancer is one of the other stages (2, 3 or 4) then they might have to go in further and remove as much cancer as they possibly can. They can also do chemotherapy as a form of treatment. This is when "anticancer" drugs are given to kill the cancerous cell. The drugs can be given by either inserting them into the vein (IV), intraperitoneal (IP) which is given directly into the abdomen through a very thin tube, or by mouth via pill form (ovarian cancer 13). The side effects to the chemotherapy can be hair loss, vomiting, and diarrhea. This is because the drugs also harm normal cells, so it can damage your hair cells (hair loss) and the cells that line your digestive tract (vomiting and diarrhea) but it can also damage your blood cells and make your body bruise easier and you would be more susceptible to get infections because your blood cells are what help fight infections off.



As of right now we cannot explain why one women may develop this cancer and another will not but there are some women that are at higher risk. If you have any women in your family that has had ovarian cancer, specifically your mother, daughter, or sister you or a family member are at a higher risk. But, also if you or any other family members have had uterus, colon, rectum, or breast cancer you or a family member will be at a higher risk. Most women that are diagnosed with this disease are over the age of 55 and have never been pregnant. If you or a family member is at an increase risk you want to talk to your family member to make sure they are aware of these risks. Then I would encourage those at risk people to consult your doctor and see if anything can be done to make sure if you would so some signs of cancer, it could be detected early.



They may recommend genetic testing to see if you have a certain mutation of the BRCA 1 or BRCA 2 gene which has been linked to ovarian cancer and breast cancer. If you go and have this testing done you will have to provide a detailed family history and also give a blood sample. They will test they blood for mutations in your DNA, specifically looking at your BRCA 1 and 2 genes. When you get the results back they will let you know if they found a mutation and if they did you know that you for sure are at an increase risk. If they don't find a mutation they will still put you into an at risk category based on your family history. This testing has been very important in determining the links between certain mutations and ovarian cancer. The more data we can collect the better off we are on finding a connection.



The most important thing to remember is that this is the most deadly gynecologic cancer with very nonspecific symptoms, 15,000 women die from this cancer every year. If you or anyone you know are having any of these symptoms you should talk to them and encourage them to contact their doctor in hopes of early detection. The earlier the detection the better chances you or a family member has of not becoming one of the 15,000.

Three Types of Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian tumors are not necessarily cancerous, depending on the type of cells from which the tumor started. Primarily, there are three types of ovarian tumors including epithelial tumors, germ cell tumors, and stromal tumors. Epithelial tumors grow out of cells on the outside of the ovaries. Germ cell tumors start with egg cells. Stromal tumors grow from cells involved in female hormone production. All three types of tumors can develop into ovarian cancer, although cancerous germ cell tumors are rare. Other types of ovarian cancer exist but are extremely rare.



Early symptoms of cancer include abdominal swelling, pelvic pressure, loss of appetite due to feeling full quickly, or sudden urge to urinate. More advanced ovarian cancer symptoms include worsening early symptoms, but also may include other symptoms that appear on a daily basis lasting several weeks for which there is no explanation.



While many of these symptoms may relate to other conditions, you should still talk to your doctor, as ovarian cancer is often not caught until after it has spread. Additional symptoms might include fatigue, digestive upset, low back pain, pain during intercourse, or marked menstrual changes.



Your ovarian cancer prognosis will vary greatly depending on the results of staging after a diagnosis has been made. Staging is the process doctors used to determine how advanced the cancer is or the likelihood that it has spread. Ovarian cancer stages are ranked using Roman numerals I through IV, then further subdivided into A, B, or C.



Stage I, the earliest stage of cancer, has an 89% relative five-year survival rate. This means that patients whose cancer is caught at the earliest stage have an 89% chance of living longer than five years. Stage II has a 66% relative five-year survival rate. Unfortunately, Stage IV, the most advanced stage, has only an 18% relative five-year survival rate.



The primary treatments are surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. One or even possibly all of these treatments maybe necessary depending on your particular situation, type of cancer or, current health condition, and staging. Ovarian cancer cures often necessitate the removal of one or both ovaries. However, not all ovarian cancers require surgery.



If you're currently undergoing traditional cancer treatments and wish to find a natural complementary treatment or you have tried traditional treatment only to have it fail and are seeking alternative natural treatments, we invite you to spend some time on All-Natural-Cancer-Cures.com for information regarding natural treatment options.

Stages of Ovarian Cancer

There are four specific stages of ovarian cancer. Knowing these stages will help you to determine what your treatment options are and what symptoms to look for so you can get the upper hand on the silent killer.



Stage one is when the cancer is limited to the ovaries only. Within this there are three stages. Stage 1A is when the cancer is limited to just one ovary, 1B is when the cancer is in both ovaries and 1C is with tumors on either one or both ovaries and a tumor on the surface.



Stage two is when the ovarian cancer involves one or both ovaries with pelvic extension. Stage 2A is when the cancer has extended to the uterus and/or the tubes, 2B is when the cancer has extended to the pelvic tissues and 2C is a tumor with a ruptured capsule that contains malignant cells.



Stage three is ovarian cancer that involves one or both of the ovaries and the cancer has spread outside the pelvis. Liver metastasis can equal stage three ovarian cancer. Stage 3A is when the cancer is limited to the pelvis but microscopic examination shows seeding in the abdominal cavity, 3B is when the cancer has become implanted on abdominal surfaces but nothing is above two centimeters in diameter and 3C is any abdominal cancers over two centimeters in diameter.



Stage four is a growth on one or both of the ovaries with distant metastasis. Stage 4A is an extension of metastasis to the uterus and/or the tube, 4B is an extension to the pelvic tissues and 3C is a ruptured capsule with malignant cells.

La verità dietro tassi di sopravvivenza del cancro ovarico

What is the truth behind the survival rates of ovarian cancer? Now, "the truth behind the survival rate of ovarian cancer" you enter in a search engine, you changed the type of information can be found. This is because most Web sites, the emphasis put on the truth behind the survival rate generally negative angle of ovarian cancer. For example, only 50 percent of women with ovarian cancer living in the United States more than five years. And this statistic has no official hopes that the disease will remain in the adoption of a five-year period.



Then, is this really the truth behind the survival rates of ovarian cancer? Yes and no. You don't say what many Web sites, is this ovarian cancer, survival rates much more positive for women, who diagnosed his condition was beginning. In fact, for the 25% of women who are in this category, the ovarian cancer survival is an astounding 90 percent. Most sites still not speak on this subject, because the majority of women in the later stages of disease, receive the stadiums where the disease is diagnosed too advanced for long-term survival.



How you can increase the chances of getting a part of 25 percent, soon diagnosed with a woman? Is a very difficult to answer the question. Waiting for some symptoms of ovarian cancer women enough to start an early diagnosis. But there is a problem with this strategy. Before most of the symptoms is not radical with ovarian cancer. Incontinence, abdominal swelling and painful sex, the three main symptoms of the disease, can be easily confused with the conditions that are less severe. And even when his wife, which are signs of ovarian cancer is suspected, it is possible that the condition has progressed is still up to a point that has become irreversible. This is because the symptoms are the same as the strong or very small tumors.



So what is the best solution for a woman? Well, if ovarian cancer in her family history, should always adjust ovarian cancer, screening, if you have symptoms. However, to underline is that ovarian cancer screening, at least in its current state not fully tested. Has a high rate of errors in diagnosis, a woman could be subject to unnecessary surgery, chemotherapy or other types of ovarian cancer treatment. However, if a woman in a category of high risk of ovarian cancer that could test that saves lives.



Finally, when it comes to the truth behind the ovarian cancer survival rates, there is another more promising side. The key to early detection, try, especially if you have the disease in your family. For everyone, it is preferable to adopt preventive measures, because the risk of errors in diagnosis of ovarian cancer diagnosis might be too high. Prevention: breastfeeding with your baby before birth control, but 35 to 20 pills and a hysterectomy.

Ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is named for the development of cancer tissues and cells in the ovaries (an organ found in women, which is an important part of the female reproductive system). Like any type of cancer, the idea of ovarian cancer is very disturbing to every woman. If ovarian cancer is detected early, can be really lethal. In some cases, ovarian cancer may lead to the removal of the ovaries.



Reduce the risk of ovarian cancer-theories



Many studies and research are conducted throughout the world to find ways to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer and to develop a cure for ovarian cancer. If you look at the Council, or if you are going through books and newspaper articles, you will find a number of different things, to reduce be proposed that the risk of ovarian cancer. So, you will notice that there are no proposals on the use of oral contraceptives for the reduction of ovarian cancer. Some other methods offer fallopian tubes as effective means to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer for associate (of course, you should go for this option only if you are certain that you shouldn't try to have more children). There are others who propose the removal of the ovaries (close to menopause or menopause) from surgery as an effective means to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. There are other theories that, even for a long time, that a woman has nursed babies with them in the chest and the age are connected, in which she had her last child.



An approach to the fight against ovarian cancer risk



Thus, all studies and newspaper articles appear to prevent many different things for ovarian cancer (or at least reduce the risk of ovarian cancer) suggests. But make it difficult for you to decide what should be your approach to combat the risk of ovarian cancer. The best thing to do is contact an expert and ask for their opinion on which approach is best suited for you against the risk of ovarian cancer. Since doctors/consultants (working in the field of cancer of the ovaries) know much more about ovarian cancer and methods for the threat, it would be able to guide you in so much better when you approach (reading this article, etc.). However, you don't get too worried about the risk of ovarian cancer so that at the end of your life with the thoughts and fears overwhelming ovarian cancer is messed up.

Symptoms of ovarian cancer

Symptoms of ovarian cancer in the announcement are, especially if is growing for some time and cancer of the mass is large enough. Some women may feel some symptoms such as abdominal pain, even in the early stages. Symptoms are vague and often even benign conditions, tend to where common victims often ignore them.



Ovarian Cancer Screening is difficult in an early stage, because the two small, in the form of almond deep organs within the abdominal cavity, one on each side of the uterus.



The most common symptoms include bloating, pressure, pain or discomfort caused by fluid building or masses in the abdominal cavity. Fluid can also collect the lungs, causing respiratory problems, in which the cancer spreads to the membrane.



Due to the pressure on the stomach can also lose an appetite or an abundance of experience after a meal extremely light. If the tumor starts the pressure on the bladder or intestines, the victim may experience frequent urination, nausea, vomiting, gas, diarrhea or constipation. Some other symptoms are fever, back pain and bleeding, though not as common. You may also experience unexplained weight gain or loss, unusual tiredness or changes in bowel habits.



If symptoms despite the usual procedures, diet, exercise or the use of laxatives, the patient should delay step in consultation with a doctor. The signs and symptoms of ovarian cancer are vague or silent, only a small percentage of cases in the early stages are recognized. Symptoms start to occur at an advanced stage, when the tumor growth puts pressure on the bladder and the rectum and fluid begins to form.



If these vague symptoms continue for four to six weeks, it is advisable for a thorough review of the CRE-vaginal, go. REC-vaginal pelvic examination the doctor simultaneously inserts a finger into the rectum and the other in the vagina.

Overview of ovarian cancer phase 3

Ovarian cancer is a serious level III cancer that has spread, are part of the pelvic region and organs and lymph organs (liver, intestines, etc.), and is easier to diagnose. It is used in the forecast made by a physician.



Ovarian cancer III is set for the determination of the TNM system rating. TNM is the size of the tumour, for registration, status of node metastasis or spread and the class of the tumor. We finally let doctors how long a patient has live, and if they will survive. These factors include:



Each part is defined as follows:



Determination of the TNM scoring system



Tumor size-distribution of phase III, the tumor may be defined only as one of the following values:



T3: the tumor is in an ovary (or two); the tumor has invaded the tissues in the pelvic region outside the pelvic region and lymph node (s); In cancer cells of fluids (ascites) washing stomach or abdominal cavity (peritoneal washing liquid)



Zum: cancer is in an ovary (or two); the spread of the tumour tissue includes in the pelvic region, outside the pelvic region and also the pelvic region



Münster: cancer is in an ovary (or two); the tumor has spread in the pelvic region, outside the pelvic region, fabrics and is also the pelvic region, now see a maximum size of 2 cm and without a microscope



T3c: tumor is an ovary (or two); incorporates the tumor tissue found in the pelvic region, pelvic region and also the pelvic region, now of 2 cm or in size and is easy to see



Inclusion of node-is like cancer in phase III of the classification:



N1: tumor spread to lymph nodes



Supply of metastasis or spread-like phase III cancer found was, can only be used the following classification:



M1: distant metastasis found somewhere



Grade of the tumor.



The classification of cancer shows the maturity of the cancer cells in the ovaries (s). How cancer is now in phase III, can be classified only as follows:



Class 2: a combination of normal and cancerous cells. Cancer cells represent on all cells



Class 3: a few might remain normal cells; most or all the cells are carcinogenic



The level is low, the slower growth, a cancer and better patient survival. More degrees, faster the tumor can grow or spread and greatly decreases the chance of survival. In this case phase III has greatly reduced the ability of patients with cancer of the ovaries of recovery or survival.



Scene groups



Step groups are used for the order of the factors the TNM classification system. Groupings are as follows: phase III



Phase III



Stage IIIa: N0, M0, Zum



Stage IIIb: Münster, N0, M0



Stage IIIc: T3c, N0, M0 or T (changed), N1, M0